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植物遇险如何通知邻居?

2025-05-16 14:09 by 守卫者

在陆地生态系统中,菌根真菌与植物根系形成了广泛的共生关系,其菌丝网络——共同菌根网络(CMNs),长期以来被认为是植物间交换氮、磷等养分的关键通道。最新研究发现,它还能传递防御信号。科学家发现,当番茄植株感染晚疫病菌时,通过丛枝菌根(AM)网络相连的邻近健康植株,能在24小时内激活与茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸(SA)相关的防御基因,且这一过程完全依赖菌丝的直接连接。类似现象在柑橘、苜蓿等多种植物中也得到了验证:遭受蚜虫侵袭的豆科植物可通过AM网络触发邻近植株释放吸引蚜虫天敌的化合物,信号传递最快可在6小时内完成;当番茄遭受机械损伤时,与之相连的植株抗逆酶活性显著提升,形成群体防御响应。从生态互惠的角度来看,植物一旦接收到由菌根网络传递的信号,便能提前激活自身防御机制,极大地降低遭受病虫害侵袭的风险。同时,真菌通过协助植物完成信号传递这一过程,能够维系与植物之间的共生关系,借此保障稳定的碳源供应,进而维持整个共生体系的平衡。

DOI 10.15302/J-FASE-2024578
EurekAlert: 植物遇险如何“通知”邻居?

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植物遇险如何通知邻居?

2025-05-16 14:09 by 守卫者

在陆地生态系统中,菌根真菌与植物根系形成了广泛的共生关系,其菌丝网络——共同菌根网络(CMNs),长期以来被认为是植物间交换氮、磷等养分的关键通道。最新研究发现,它还能传递防御信号。科学家发现,当番茄植株感染晚疫病菌时,通过丛枝菌根(AM)网络相连的邻近健康植株,能在24小时内激活与茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸(SA)相关的防御基因,且这一过程完全依赖菌丝的直接连接。类似现象在柑橘、苜蓿等多种植物中也得到了验证:遭受蚜虫侵袭的豆科植物可通过AM网络触发邻近植株释放吸引蚜虫天敌的化合物,信号传递最快可在6小时内完成;当番茄遭受机械损伤时,与之相连的植株抗逆酶活性显著提升,形成群体防御响应。从生态互惠的角度来看,植物一旦接收到由菌根网络传递的信号,便能提前激活自身防御机制,极大地降低遭受病虫害侵袭的风险。同时,真菌通过协助植物完成信号传递这一过程,能够维系与植物之间的共生关系,借此保障稳定的碳源供应,进而维持整个共生体系的平衡。

DOI 10.15302/J-FASE-2024578
EurekAlert: 植物遇险如何“通知”邻居?

#科学

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Since the violent storming of Capitol Hill and subsequent ban of former U.S. President Donald Trump from Facebook and Twitter, the removal of Parler from Amazon’s servers, and the de-platforming of incendiary right-wing content, messaging services Telegram and Signal have seen a deluge of new users. In January alone, Telegram reported 90 million new accounts. Its founder, Pavel Durov, described this as “the largest digital migration in human history.” Signal reportedly doubled its user base to 40 million people and became the most downloaded app in 70 countries. The two services rely on encryption to protect the privacy of user communication, which has made them popular with protesters seeking to conceal their identities against repressive governments in places like Belarus, Hong Kong, and Iran. But the same encryption technology has also made them a favored communication tool for criminals and terrorist groups, including al Qaeda and the Islamic State.

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