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过去 20 年最强地磁风暴带来的经验和启示

2025-05-12 00:30 by 火星众神

2024 年 5 月 10 日,近二十年来首次 G5 级强地磁风暴袭击地球,此时恰逢 NASA 与多个美国政府机构进行太空天气的防灾模拟演习期间,这场被命名为 Gannon 的强地磁风暴,让原本防灾演习转立刻转变为实战。Gannon 风暴对地面与太空环境皆造成显著冲击。美国中西部地区一些依赖 GPS 导引的大型农业机具运作时偏离原来行走的方向,造成的农损平均达 17,000 美元。飞行中的客机为躲避辐射暴增与通讯中断的风险临时调整航线。大气层中的热气层温度急升至约摄氏1150度,大气因而膨胀导致卫星绕地球运行的阻力增加。NASA 的 ICESat-2 卫星因阻力增加、高度下降而进入安全模式,CIRBE 卫星则提前约五个月进入大气层。ESA 的 Sentinel 任务也需耗费更多燃料来维持轨道的高度。火星也受到了这次太阳日冕物质抛射的影响,整个火星被观测到被极光笼罩。

Phys.org:The biggest geomagnetic storm in 20 years: NASA's lessons and surprises

天文館:2024年5月的強烈地磁風暴給人類的經驗與啟示

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过去 20 年最强地磁风暴带来的经验和启示

2025-05-12 00:30 by 火星众神

2024 年 5 月 10 日,近二十年来首次 G5 级强地磁风暴袭击地球,此时恰逢 NASA 与多个美国政府机构进行太空天气的防灾模拟演习期间,这场被命名为 Gannon 的强地磁风暴,让原本防灾演习转立刻转变为实战。Gannon 风暴对地面与太空环境皆造成显著冲击。美国中西部地区一些依赖 GPS 导引的大型农业机具运作时偏离原来行走的方向,造成的农损平均达 17,000 美元。飞行中的客机为躲避辐射暴增与通讯中断的风险临时调整航线。大气层中的热气层温度急升至约摄氏1150度,大气因而膨胀导致卫星绕地球运行的阻力增加。NASA 的 ICESat-2 卫星因阻力增加、高度下降而进入安全模式,CIRBE 卫星则提前约五个月进入大气层。ESA 的 Sentinel 任务也需耗费更多燃料来维持轨道的高度。火星也受到了这次太阳日冕物质抛射的影响,整个火星被观测到被极光笼罩。

Phys.org:The biggest geomagnetic storm in 20 years: NASA's lessons and surprises

天文館:2024年5月的強烈地磁風暴給人類的經驗與啟示

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