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论中国跨性别者医疗保险保障体系的困境与对策

DOI: 10.19035/nal.2023.17.1.5

随着性别多样化了解的加深,社会对跨性别者更为包容,禁止歧视、污名化跨性别者得到越来越多人的支持,很多国家开始正视跨性别者的需求。
当前英美用“性别不安”这一术语来定义性别认同不一致的人群,并为该群体提供荷尔蒙治疗、性别置换手术、心理治疗等多样化的治疗方式。
反观中国,由于政治、文化等因素的影响,跨性别者难以被社会接受,受到各种歧视。
相较于,英、美两国,由于医疗保障的缺失,中国的跨性别者存在更为严重的药物滥用和心理健康问题。
出于人权保护和社会公平的考量,中国必须回应跨性别群体合理的医疗保障诉求。
为此,必须对中国现行的医疗保险体系进行改革。
就社会保险而言,首先要将性别转换治疗去病理化,因意外、疾病等原因而要求实施性别置换手术的患者,纳入医疗保险的保障范围,并为其提供专业的激素治疗指导;

随着社会接受度的提升,再对社会医疗保险进行全面的改革,取消性别转换治疗的所有不当限制,为跨性别者提供全面、专业的医疗保障。
就商业医疗保险而言,在投保时进绝对禁止保险人对跨性别者的身份歧视,但允许保险人对跨性别者实施保费差别对待。
为平衡保险公司社会责任和商业属性,可以设定一定金钱限额,该限额之下禁止保险公司对跨性别群体保费差别对待,以此满足跨性别者基本的医疗需求。
通过这些做法为中国跨性别群体提供完善的医疗保障,消除社会大众对该群体的歧视与恐慌,保护其基本权利。



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论中国跨性别者医疗保险保障体系的困境与对策

DOI: 10.19035/nal.2023.17.1.5

随着性别多样化了解的加深,社会对跨性别者更为包容,禁止歧视、污名化跨性别者得到越来越多人的支持,很多国家开始正视跨性别者的需求。
当前英美用“性别不安”这一术语来定义性别认同不一致的人群,并为该群体提供荷尔蒙治疗、性别置换手术、心理治疗等多样化的治疗方式。
反观中国,由于政治、文化等因素的影响,跨性别者难以被社会接受,受到各种歧视。
相较于,英、美两国,由于医疗保障的缺失,中国的跨性别者存在更为严重的药物滥用和心理健康问题。
出于人权保护和社会公平的考量,中国必须回应跨性别群体合理的医疗保障诉求。
为此,必须对中国现行的医疗保险体系进行改革。
就社会保险而言,首先要将性别转换治疗去病理化,因意外、疾病等原因而要求实施性别置换手术的患者,纳入医疗保险的保障范围,并为其提供专业的激素治疗指导;

随着社会接受度的提升,再对社会医疗保险进行全面的改革,取消性别转换治疗的所有不当限制,为跨性别者提供全面、专业的医疗保障。
就商业医疗保险而言,在投保时进绝对禁止保险人对跨性别者的身份歧视,但允许保险人对跨性别者实施保费差别对待。
为平衡保险公司社会责任和商业属性,可以设定一定金钱限额,该限额之下禁止保险公司对跨性别群体保费差别对待,以此满足跨性别者基本的医疗需求。
通过这些做法为中国跨性别群体提供完善的医疗保障,消除社会大众对该群体的歧视与恐慌,保护其基本权利。

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