В замечательном проекте Global Informality Project продолжают собирать энциклопедию неформальных практик по всему миру. Сегодня вот вышла статья про хамство (на материале СССР и России).
— Khamstvo normally characterizes communicative situations when members of social groups, which lack status and authority, perform their situational dominance in a rude manner. Khamstvo was typical for the proletariat and professional groups that had exclusive access to scarce resources, such as sales clerks, medical personnel, accountants, and staff for communal and housing services (Koenker 2019)
— Khamstvo can either be employed occasionally or become a habitual mode of behaviour, routinely performed in public: on transport, in queues, on the streets. It is more likely to be widespread in authoritarian and top-down regulated regimes, where the rigidity of rules is combined with poor services
— Khamstvo continues to operate in the post-Soviet economy and culture in Russia, especially in the areas where basic services are sparse and provided at discretion of the public official, who acts as a gatekeeper to public welfare.
В замечательном проекте Global Informality Project продолжают собирать энциклопедию неформальных практик по всему миру. Сегодня вот вышла статья про хамство (на материале СССР и России).
— Khamstvo normally characterizes communicative situations when members of social groups, which lack status and authority, perform their situational dominance in a rude manner. Khamstvo was typical for the proletariat and professional groups that had exclusive access to scarce resources, such as sales clerks, medical personnel, accountants, and staff for communal and housing services (Koenker 2019)
— Khamstvo can either be employed occasionally or become a habitual mode of behaviour, routinely performed in public: on transport, in queues, on the streets. It is more likely to be widespread in authoritarian and top-down regulated regimes, where the rigidity of rules is combined with poor services
— Khamstvo continues to operate in the post-Soviet economy and culture in Russia, especially in the areas where basic services are sparse and provided at discretion of the public official, who acts as a gatekeeper to public welfare.
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Telegram hopes to raise $1bn with a convertible bond private placement
The super secure UAE-based Telegram messenger service, developed by Russian-born software icon Pavel Durov, is looking to raise $1bn through a bond placement to a limited number of investors from Russia, Europe, Asia and the Middle East, the Kommersant daily reported citing unnamed sources on February 18, 2021.The issue reportedly comprises exchange bonds that could be converted into equity in the messaging service that is currently 100% owned by Durov and his brother Nikolai.Kommersant reports that the price of the conversion would be at a 10% discount to a potential IPO should it happen within five years.The minimum bond placement is said to be set at $50mn, but could be lowered to $10mn. Five-year bonds could carry an annual coupon of 7-8%.
How to Buy Bitcoin?
Most people buy Bitcoin via exchanges, such as Coinbase. Exchanges allow you to buy, sell and hold cryptocurrency, and setting up an account is similar to opening a brokerage account—you’ll need to verify your identity and provide some kind of funding source, such as a bank account or debit card. Major exchanges include Coinbase, Kraken, and Gemini. You can also buy Bitcoin at a broker like Robinhood. Regardless of where you buy your Bitcoin, you’ll need a digital wallet in which to store it. This might be what’s called a hot wallet or a cold wallet. A hot wallet (also called an online wallet) is stored by an exchange or a provider in the cloud. Providers of online wallets include Exodus, Electrum and Mycelium. A cold wallet (or mobile wallet) is an offline device used to store Bitcoin and is not connected to the Internet. Some mobile wallet options include Trezor and Ledger.
