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目前任教于美国“左翼异端经济学重镇”麻省大学阿姆斯特分校的经济学者Isabella Weber,今年出版了反响甚巨的新书How China Escaped Shock Therapy. 作者以价格双轨制为分析重点,讲述了“渐进改革”和“休克疗法”这两种市场化改革思路在1980年代的中国是如何展开激烈竞争、最终中国又是如何“侥幸”地躲过休克疗法的。

这项研究所依托的资料堪称翔实,作者的呈现也非常清晰。在此之前,我从来没见过哪本书把“价格双轨制到底是一种什么机制”讲得这么清楚,或是把那些表面上一致支持“市场改革”的中国经济学家内部实际存在的尖锐分歧梳理得这么系统。本书的亮点还包括:指出了1980年代的市场改革之争与西汉“盐铁论”之间存在的惊人联系,以及为我们理解市场改革与八九民运之间的关系提供了新的视角,等等。

总之,这本书让我学到很多,也给了我很大启发。当然,我对这本书同样有很多批评,此处就不展开阐述了(希望我以后可以用自己的研究去回应),只说一点:全书的基本立场,是渐进改革“救”了中国,使中国的经济改革没有全盘滑向新自由主义的方向,而是在国家和市场之间掌握平衡,最终获得巨大成功。这种论调,和当下国内鼓吹“中国特色社会主义”的一些“左翼”学者实在太像了。本书作者在美国的政治光谱上自诩激进左翼,但却有意无意地和“中特”完成了合流,这其中的悖论也蕴含着结构性意义,值得深思。



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目前任教于美国“左翼异端经济学重镇”麻省大学阿姆斯特分校的经济学者Isabella Weber,今年出版了反响甚巨的新书How China Escaped Shock Therapy. 作者以价格双轨制为分析重点,讲述了“渐进改革”和“休克疗法”这两种市场化改革思路在1980年代的中国是如何展开激烈竞争、最终中国又是如何“侥幸”地躲过休克疗法的。

这项研究所依托的资料堪称翔实,作者的呈现也非常清晰。在此之前,我从来没见过哪本书把“价格双轨制到底是一种什么机制”讲得这么清楚,或是把那些表面上一致支持“市场改革”的中国经济学家内部实际存在的尖锐分歧梳理得这么系统。本书的亮点还包括:指出了1980年代的市场改革之争与西汉“盐铁论”之间存在的惊人联系,以及为我们理解市场改革与八九民运之间的关系提供了新的视角,等等。

总之,这本书让我学到很多,也给了我很大启发。当然,我对这本书同样有很多批评,此处就不展开阐述了(希望我以后可以用自己的研究去回应),只说一点:全书的基本立场,是渐进改革“救”了中国,使中国的经济改革没有全盘滑向新自由主义的方向,而是在国家和市场之间掌握平衡,最终获得巨大成功。这种论调,和当下国内鼓吹“中国特色社会主义”的一些“左翼”学者实在太像了。本书作者在美国的政治光谱上自诩激进左翼,但却有意无意地和“中特”完成了合流,这其中的悖论也蕴含着结构性意义,值得深思。

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Telegram auto-delete message, expiring invites, and more

elegram is updating its messaging app with options for auto-deleting messages, expiring invite links, and new unlimited groups, the company shared in a blog post. Much like Signal, Telegram received a burst of new users in the confusion over WhatsApp’s privacy policy and now the company is adopting features that were already part of its competitors’ apps, features which offer more security and privacy. Auto-deleting messages were already possible in Telegram’s encrypted Secret Chats, but this new update for iOS and Android adds the option to make messages disappear in any kind of chat. Auto-delete can be enabled inside of chats, and set to delete either 24 hours or seven days after messages are sent. Auto-delete won’t remove every message though; if a message was sent before the feature was turned on, it’ll stick around. Telegram’s competitors have had similar features: WhatsApp introduced a feature in 2020 and Signal has had disappearing messages since at least 2016.

Export WhatsApp stickers to Telegram on Android

From the Files app, scroll down to Internal storage, and tap on WhatsApp. Once you’re there, go to Media and then WhatsApp Stickers. Don’t be surprised if you find a large number of files in that folder—it holds your personal collection of stickers and every one you’ve ever received. Even the bad ones.Tap the three dots in the top right corner of your screen to Select all. If you want to trim the fat and grab only the best of the best, this is the perfect time to do so: choose the ones you want to export by long-pressing one file to activate selection mode, and then tapping on the rest. Once you’re done, hit the Share button (that “less than”-like symbol at the top of your screen). If you have a big collection—more than 500 stickers, for example—it’s possible that nothing will happen when you tap the Share button. Be patient—your phone’s just struggling with a heavy load.On the menu that pops from the bottom of the screen, choose Telegram, and then select the chat named Saved messages. This is a chat only you can see, and it will serve as your sticker bank. Unlike WhatsApp, Telegram doesn’t store your favorite stickers in a quick-access reservoir right beside the typing field, but you’ll be able to snatch them out of your Saved messages chat and forward them to any of your Telegram contacts. This also means you won’t have a quick way to save incoming stickers like you did on WhatsApp, so you’ll have to forward them from one chat to the other.

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