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水道残留的抗焦虑药物改变野生鲑鱼的迁徙行为
#科学

据一项新的研究披露,在全球水道中被广泛检测到的抗焦虑药物氯巴占(clobazam)正在改变野生大西洋鲑鱼的迁徙行为。这些发现凸显了药物污染所致的生态后果无远弗届,揭示了即使痕量的精神活性药物也能破坏野生动物的基本生存行为。药物污染(尤其是水道中的污染)是一个日趋严重的环境问题,其对生物多样性、生态系统功能和公共健康皆构成重大威胁。目前,包括南极在内的全球水体中已检测到 900 多种活性药物或其衍生物。它们会长期存在于环境中:即使是痕量的精神药物(如抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药)已被证实能通过作用于神经通路而改变动物行为。研究人员发现,抗焦虑药物氯巴占会在接触该污染物的鲑鱼脑中积累,从而改变鲑鱼穿过水坝通道的能力以及从河流到海洋的整体迁徙成功率。接触氯巴占会增加到达海洋的幼鲑数量,这可能源于氯巴占增强了鲑鱼甘冒风险的倾向并降低了其结伴群聚的行为。虽然鲑鱼的整体迁徙速度没有显著变化,但接触污染物的幼鱼穿过水电站大坝的速度加快,表明冒险行为的增加使其穿越障碍物的速度得到提升。实验室中的实验显示,氯巴占会降低水中动物结群行动的凝聚力(尤其在捕食者存在时),因而可能增加其在野外被捕食的风险。
Science DOI 10.1126/science.adp7174
EurekAlert:精神活性药物污染会改变野生鲑鱼的迁徙行为



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水道残留的抗焦虑药物改变野生鲑鱼的迁徙行为
#科学

据一项新的研究披露,在全球水道中被广泛检测到的抗焦虑药物氯巴占(clobazam)正在改变野生大西洋鲑鱼的迁徙行为。这些发现凸显了药物污染所致的生态后果无远弗届,揭示了即使痕量的精神活性药物也能破坏野生动物的基本生存行为。药物污染(尤其是水道中的污染)是一个日趋严重的环境问题,其对生物多样性、生态系统功能和公共健康皆构成重大威胁。目前,包括南极在内的全球水体中已检测到 900 多种活性药物或其衍生物。它们会长期存在于环境中:即使是痕量的精神药物(如抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药)已被证实能通过作用于神经通路而改变动物行为。研究人员发现,抗焦虑药物氯巴占会在接触该污染物的鲑鱼脑中积累,从而改变鲑鱼穿过水坝通道的能力以及从河流到海洋的整体迁徙成功率。接触氯巴占会增加到达海洋的幼鲑数量,这可能源于氯巴占增强了鲑鱼甘冒风险的倾向并降低了其结伴群聚的行为。虽然鲑鱼的整体迁徙速度没有显著变化,但接触污染物的幼鱼穿过水电站大坝的速度加快,表明冒险行为的增加使其穿越障碍物的速度得到提升。实验室中的实验显示,氯巴占会降低水中动物结群行动的凝聚力(尤其在捕食者存在时),因而可能增加其在野外被捕食的风险。
Science DOI 10.1126/science.adp7174
EurekAlert:精神活性药物污染会改变野生鲑鱼的迁徙行为

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Telegram Gives Up On Crypto Blockchain Project

Durov said on his Telegram channel today that the two and a half year blockchain and crypto project has been put to sleep. Ironically, after leaving Russia because the government wanted his encryption keys to his social media firm, Durov’s cryptocurrency idea lost steam because of a U.S. court. “The technology we created allowed for an open, free, decentralized exchange of value and ideas. TON had the potential to revolutionize how people store and transfer funds and information,” he wrote on his channel. “Unfortunately, a U.S. court stopped TON from happening.”

What is Telegram?

Telegram’s stand out feature is its encryption scheme that keeps messages and media secure in transit. The scheme is known as MTProto and is based on 256-bit AES encryption, RSA encryption, and Diffie-Hellman key exchange. The result of this complicated and technical-sounding jargon? A messaging service that claims to keep your data safe.Why do we say claims? When dealing with security, you always want to leave room for scrutiny, and a few cryptography experts have criticized the system. Overall, any level of encryption is better than none, but a level of discretion should always be observed with any online connected system, even Telegram.

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