CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF

🔆 Women Leading Environmental Resistance in South Asia

✅ Across India and South Asia, women lead movements resisting unjust development, extractivism, and climate degradation — yet remain largely excluded from decision-making.

✅ Examples of Resistance:
• Odisha: Women in Sijimali protesting mining threats.
• Tamil Nadu: Fishing community women opposing Kudankulam Nuclear Plant.
• Jharkhand: Adivasi women blocking coal mining on ancestral land.
• Narmada Bachao Andolan: Medha Patkar’s global leadership on dam impacts.

✅ Lack of Recognition & Inclusion:
• Women often excluded from consultations, even under Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) frameworks.

✅ Legal Frameworks vs Reality:
• India’s Forest Rights Act (2006) & PESA Act (1996) recognise women’s roles; Nepal promotes joint land ownership; Bangladesh prioritizes women in khas land distribution.
• But land titles mostly held by men; Gram Sabhas and compensation dominated by men or exclude women.

✅ Gender Bias in Compensation:
• No comprehensive gender-sensitive land policy in India.
• Redistribution often overlooks single women, widows, and undocumented women.
• Customary laws override Hindu Succession Act in tribal areas.

✅ Climate Adaptation Challenges:
• Women suffer deeper inequalities from heat, water scarcity, pollution.
• They bear caregiving burdens and longer work hours but are excluded from resilience planning.

✅ Call for Structural Change:
• Ensure consultations are free, prior, informed, inclusive.
• Provide women-only spaces, legal aid, translation, accessible timings.
• Recognise women as independent landowners.

✅ Valuing Women’s Leadership:
• Support women’s leadership in activism, negotiation, legislature, and compensation boards.

#gs1
#society
#mains

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_society_gs

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7.74K viewsMay 27 at 15:54

🔆 Women Leading Environmental Resistance in South Asia

✅ Across India and South Asia, women lead movements resisting unjust development, extractivism, and climate degradation — yet remain largely excluded from decision-making.

✅ Examples of Resistance:
• Odisha: Women in Sijimali protesting mining threats.
• Tamil Nadu: Fishing community women opposing Kudankulam Nuclear Plant.
• Jharkhand: Adivasi women blocking coal mining on ancestral land.
• Narmada Bachao Andolan: Medha Patkar’s global leadership on dam impacts.

✅ Lack of Recognition & Inclusion:
• Women often excluded from consultations, even under Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) frameworks.

✅ Legal Frameworks vs Reality:
• India’s Forest Rights Act (2006) & PESA Act (1996) recognise women’s roles; Nepal promotes joint land ownership; Bangladesh prioritizes women in khas land distribution.
• But land titles mostly held by men; Gram Sabhas and compensation dominated by men or exclude women.

✅ Gender Bias in Compensation:
• No comprehensive gender-sensitive land policy in India.
• Redistribution often overlooks single women, widows, and undocumented women.
• Customary laws override Hindu Succession Act in tribal areas.

✅ Climate Adaptation Challenges:
• Women suffer deeper inequalities from heat, water scarcity, pollution.
• They bear caregiving burdens and longer work hours but are excluded from resilience planning.

✅ Call for Structural Change:
• Ensure consultations are free, prior, informed, inclusive.
• Provide women-only spaces, legal aid, translation, accessible timings.
• Recognise women as independent landowners.

✅ Valuing Women’s Leadership:
• Support women’s leadership in activism, negotiation, legislature, and compensation boards.

#gs1
#society
#mains

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_society_gs

BY CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF