CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF

🔆 Key Takeaways: Illicit Liquor Tragedies in India

📍 Context and Background
✅ Recurring tragedies from illicit liquor (hooch) across India, latest in Amritsar, Punjab (23 deaths)
✅ Tied to poverty, systemic corruption, and regulatory failures

📍 Core Issues Identified

1️⃣ Socio-Economic Vulnerability
◦ Victims mostly poor, daily wage earners drawn to cheap alcohol
◦ Exploited by bootleggers, especially in areas lacking access to safe, regulated liquor

2️⃣ Composition and Danger of Illicit Liquor
◦ Toxic ingredients like dead scorpions, industrial methanol
◦ Methanol is highly poisonous despite industrial uses
◦ Cheap and similar to ethanol, making it a common adulterant

3️⃣ Corruption Nexus
◦ Nexus between bootleggers, police, local politicians
◦ Methanol theft organized; bootleggers are last-mile agents
◦ Law enforcement failures and corruption enable the trade

📍 Legal and Regulatory Shortcomings
✅ Legal action includes murder or prohibition charges, but convictions are rare (e.g., Malvani case: 10 of 14 acquitted after 9 years)
✅ Poison Act underused or ineffective
✅ Methanol production and transport lack central regulatory framework due to interstate nature

📍 Need for Reform
✅ Central policy to regulate methanol transport and sale to prevent diversion
✅ Stringent state-level regulation and inter-state coordination

📍 Long-Term Solutions
✅ Address structural factors: poverty, inequality, lack of education, poor governance
✅ Ensure transparent governance, accountable law enforcement, and public awareness

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4.98K viewsMay 21 at 02:13

🔆 Key Takeaways: Illicit Liquor Tragedies in India

📍 Context and Background
✅ Recurring tragedies from illicit liquor (hooch) across India, latest in Amritsar, Punjab (23 deaths)
✅ Tied to poverty, systemic corruption, and regulatory failures

📍 Core Issues Identified

1️⃣ Socio-Economic Vulnerability
◦ Victims mostly poor, daily wage earners drawn to cheap alcohol
◦ Exploited by bootleggers, especially in areas lacking access to safe, regulated liquor

2️⃣ Composition and Danger of Illicit Liquor
◦ Toxic ingredients like dead scorpions, industrial methanol
◦ Methanol is highly poisonous despite industrial uses
◦ Cheap and similar to ethanol, making it a common adulterant

3️⃣ Corruption Nexus
◦ Nexus between bootleggers, police, local politicians
◦ Methanol theft organized; bootleggers are last-mile agents
◦ Law enforcement failures and corruption enable the trade

📍 Legal and Regulatory Shortcomings
✅ Legal action includes murder or prohibition charges, but convictions are rare (e.g., Malvani case: 10 of 14 acquitted after 9 years)
✅ Poison Act underused or ineffective
✅ Methanol production and transport lack central regulatory framework due to interstate nature

📍 Need for Reform
✅ Central policy to regulate methanol transport and sale to prevent diversion
✅ Stringent state-level regulation and inter-state coordination

📍 Long-Term Solutions
✅ Address structural factors: poverty, inequality, lack of education, poor governance
✅ Ensure transparent governance, accountable law enforcement, and public awareness

BY CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF