CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF

🔆Macrophages:

✅Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that plays an important role in the human immune system.
✅They carry out various functions, including engulfing and digesting microorganisms, clearing out debris and dead cells, and stimulating other cells involved in immune function.
✅The term macrophage is formed by the combination of the Greek terms "makro" meaning big, and "phagein" meaning eat.

📍Formation:

✅Macrophages form from monocytes, which themselves derive from the bone marrow.
✅Monocytes circulate through the blood for one to three days before migrating into tissues, where they become macrophages or dendritic cells(i.e., a type of antigen presenting cell that plays a role in linking the innate and adaptive immunity).
✅Macrophages can be found within many organs in the body, including the liver, brain, bones, and lungs, as well as in the blood, particularly at sites of infection.
✅They are essential for the maintenance and defence of host tissues, doing so by sensing and engulfing particulate matterand, when necessary, initiating a pro-inflammatory response. 
✅They can modify themselves to form different structuresin order to fight various different microbes and invaders.
✅In this way, macrophages provide the first line of defense in protecting the host from infection.
✅They are also involved in the development of non-specific or innate immunity.
✅This type of immunity is a long-term immunity which is acquired when a macrophage ingests a microbe and presents the microbe's antigen on its surface to alert other white blood cells to the presence of the invading particle.
✅Other white blood cells then multiply and amount an immune response against the pathogen.
✅Macrophages produce a variety of cytokines, which are signaling molecules that communicate with other cells of the immune system.
✅Macrophages may have different names according to where they function in the body. 
✅For example,  macrophages present in the brain are termed microglia, and in the liver sinusoids, they are called Kupffer cells.

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6.9K viewsedited  Aug 28, 2024 at 00:22

🔆Macrophages:

✅Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that plays an important role in the human immune system.
✅They carry out various functions, including engulfing and digesting microorganisms, clearing out debris and dead cells, and stimulating other cells involved in immune function.
✅The term macrophage is formed by the combination of the Greek terms "makro" meaning big, and "phagein" meaning eat.

📍Formation:

✅Macrophages form from monocytes, which themselves derive from the bone marrow.
✅Monocytes circulate through the blood for one to three days before migrating into tissues, where they become macrophages or dendritic cells(i.e., a type of antigen presenting cell that plays a role in linking the innate and adaptive immunity).
✅Macrophages can be found within many organs in the body, including the liver, brain, bones, and lungs, as well as in the blood, particularly at sites of infection.
✅They are essential for the maintenance and defence of host tissues, doing so by sensing and engulfing particulate matterand, when necessary, initiating a pro-inflammatory response. 
✅They can modify themselves to form different structuresin order to fight various different microbes and invaders.
✅In this way, macrophages provide the first line of defense in protecting the host from infection.
✅They are also involved in the development of non-specific or innate immunity.
✅This type of immunity is a long-term immunity which is acquired when a macrophage ingests a microbe and presents the microbe's antigen on its surface to alert other white blood cells to the presence of the invading particle.
✅Other white blood cells then multiply and amount an immune response against the pathogen.
✅Macrophages produce a variety of cytokines, which are signaling molecules that communicate with other cells of the immune system.
✅Macrophages may have different names according to where they function in the body. 
✅For example,  macrophages present in the brain are termed microglia, and in the liver sinusoids, they are called Kupffer cells.

#gs3
#science_and_technology
#prelims

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_science_and_technology

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