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倭黑猩猩声音具有与人类语言相似的组合性

2025-04-04 22:00 by 世界主宰

一项新的研究表明,人类近亲——野生倭黑猩猩——可通过具有复杂组合语义结构的声音进行交流;这种结构反映了人类语言的关键特征。这些发现挑战了由来已久的人类具有独一无二语言特性的假设,并为了解交流的演化方式开辟了新的途径。人类语言的一个标志性特征是其能够将离散元素组合成更复杂且更有意义的结构。这一原则被称为组合性;它能让词素(即具有意义的最小语言单位)组合成单词,再将单词组合成句子;其整体含义则由各个组分及其排列方式决定。组合性可有两种形式:平凡及非平凡组合性。在平凡组合性中,每个单词都保持其独立含义。非平凡组合性则涉及更复杂且细腻的关系,其含义并非仅为所涉单词的直接总和。组合性可能并非人类语言所独有;对鸟类和灵长类的研究表明,它们中的某些物种能将有意义的声音结合成平凡组合结构。然而,到目前为止,还没有直接证据表明动物会在交流中运用非平凡组合性。研究人员分析了 700 个录制的倭黑猩猩叫声和叫声组合,记录了与每一发声相关的 300 多个语境特征。他们发现,倭黑猩猩的叫声类型可整合成四种组合结构,其中三种展现了非平凡组合性,表明倭黑猩猩的交流与人类语言的结构上的相似性比之前认定的要多。

DOI 10.1126/science.adv1170

EurekAlert:倭黑猩猩的交流方式具有与人类语言相似的组合性

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倭黑猩猩声音具有与人类语言相似的组合性

2025-04-04 22:00 by 世界主宰

一项新的研究表明,人类近亲——野生倭黑猩猩——可通过具有复杂组合语义结构的声音进行交流;这种结构反映了人类语言的关键特征。这些发现挑战了由来已久的人类具有独一无二语言特性的假设,并为了解交流的演化方式开辟了新的途径。人类语言的一个标志性特征是其能够将离散元素组合成更复杂且更有意义的结构。这一原则被称为组合性;它能让词素(即具有意义的最小语言单位)组合成单词,再将单词组合成句子;其整体含义则由各个组分及其排列方式决定。组合性可有两种形式:平凡及非平凡组合性。在平凡组合性中,每个单词都保持其独立含义。非平凡组合性则涉及更复杂且细腻的关系,其含义并非仅为所涉单词的直接总和。组合性可能并非人类语言所独有;对鸟类和灵长类的研究表明,它们中的某些物种能将有意义的声音结合成平凡组合结构。然而,到目前为止,还没有直接证据表明动物会在交流中运用非平凡组合性。研究人员分析了 700 个录制的倭黑猩猩叫声和叫声组合,记录了与每一发声相关的 300 多个语境特征。他们发现,倭黑猩猩的叫声类型可整合成四种组合结构,其中三种展现了非平凡组合性,表明倭黑猩猩的交流与人类语言的结构上的相似性比之前认定的要多。

DOI 10.1126/science.adv1170

EurekAlert:倭黑猩猩的交流方式具有与人类语言相似的组合性

#科学

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The global forecast for the Asian markets is murky following recent volatility, with crude oil prices providing support in what has been an otherwise tough month. The European markets were down and the U.S. bourses were mixed and flat and the Asian markets figure to split the difference.The TSE finished modestly lower on Friday following losses from the financial shares and property stocks.For the day, the index sank 15.09 points or 0.49 percent to finish at 3,061.35 after trading between 3,057.84 and 3,089.78. Volume was 1.39 billion shares worth 1.30 billion Singapore dollars. There were 285 decliners and 184 gainers.

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