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我们总是习惯性地认为，应该把居住环境弄得更加洁净。但最新研究发现，国际空间站的无菌状态可能对宇航员健康产生负面影响，专家建议适当“增加微生物多样性”。研究表明，空间站内基本缺乏土壤和水中常见的环境微生物，而这些微生物被认为对人体免疫系统有益。微生物多样性的缺失或许能解释宇航员为何常受皮疹、唇疱疹、真菌感染和带状疱疹等免疫相关疾病的困扰。研究团队与宇航员合作，对空间站 803 个不同表面进行采样，所收集的样本数量是以往研究的 100 倍。随后这些样本被送回地球进行分析，以检测其中的细菌种类及化学物质。研究人员据此构建了三维“地图”，通过显示每个样本的采集位置，展示出细菌和化学物质之间可能的相互作用。结果显示，虽然空间站各区域微生物组成存在差异，比如餐饮区富含食物相关菌群，卫生间则以排泄物相关菌种为主，但总体上人体皮肤仍是最主要的微生物来源。与地球样本相比，空间站表面显著缺乏土壤和水中常见的自由生存环境微生物。研究还发现，清洁剂和消毒剂成分在空间站内广泛存在。数据显示，国际空间站的微生物环境更接近医院等工业化隔离场所的样本特征。 Cell:The International Space Station has a unique and extreme microbial and chemical environment driven by use patterns 空间站“太干净”不利于健康
我们总是习惯性地认为，应该把居住环境弄得更加洁净。但最新研究发现，国际空间站的无菌状态可能对宇航员健康产生负面影响，专家建议适当“增加微生物多样性”。研究表明，空间站内基本缺乏土壤和水中常见的环境微生物，而这些微生物被认为对人体免疫系统有益。微生物多样性的缺失或许能解释宇航员为何常受皮疹、唇疱疹、真菌感染和带状疱疹等免疫相关疾病的困扰。研究团队与宇航员合作，对空间站 803 个不同表面进行采样，所收集的样本数量是以往研究的 100 倍。随后这些样本被送回地球进行分析，以检测其中的细菌种类及化学物质。研究人员据此构建了三维“地图”，通过显示每个样本的采集位置，展示出细菌和化学物质之间可能的相互作用。结果显示，虽然空间站各区域微生物组成存在差异，比如餐饮区富含食物相关菌群，卫生间则以排泄物相关菌种为主，但总体上人体皮肤仍是最主要的微生物来源。与地球样本相比，空间站表面显著缺乏土壤和水中常见的自由生存环境微生物。研究还发现，清洁剂和消毒剂成分在空间站内广泛存在。数据显示，国际空间站的微生物环境更接近医院等工业化隔离场所的样本特征。 Cell:The International Space Station has a unique and extreme microbial and chemical environment driven by use patterns 空间站“太干净”不利于健康
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Launched in 2013, Telegram allows users to broadcast messages to a following via “channels”, or create public and private groups that are simple for others to access. Users can also send and receive large data files, including text and zip files, directly via the app.The platform said it has more than 500m active users, and topped 1bn downloads in August, according to data from SensorTower.
Export WhatsApp stickers to Telegram on iPhone
You can’t. What you can do, though, is use WhatsApp’s and Telegram’s web platforms to transfer stickers. It’s easy, but might take a while.Open WhatsApp in your browser, find a sticker you like in a chat, and right-click on it to save it as an image. The file won’t be a picture, though—it’s a webpage and will have a .webp extension. Don’t be scared, this is the way. Repeat this step to save as many stickers as you want.Then, open Telegram in your browser and go into your Saved messages chat. Just as you’d share a file with a friend, click the Share file button on the bottom left of the chat window (it looks like a dog-eared paper), and select the .webp files you downloaded. Click Open and you’ll see your stickers in your Saved messages chat. This is now your sticker depository. To use them, forward them as you would a message from one chat to the other: by clicking or long-pressing on the sticker, and then choosing Forward.
