فترة الإنحطاط و سقوط ممالك الأندلس في الغرب عام 897 ه
هي ذاتها فترة التمكين في الشرق
بفتح القسطنطينية ٨٥٧هـ
على يد الدولة العثمانية
" وإن تتولوا يستبدل قوما غيركم ثم لا يكونوا أمثالكم "
BY التاريخ
Mr. Durov launched Telegram in late 2013 with his brother, Nikolai, just months before he was pushed out of VK, the Russian social-media platform he founded. Mr. Durov pitched his new app—funded with the proceeds from the VK sale—less as a business than as a way for people to send messages while avoiding government surveillance and censorship.
The STAR Market, as is implied by the name, is heavily geared toward smaller innovative tech companies, in particular those engaged in strategically important fields, such as biopharmaceuticals, 5G technology, semiconductors, and new energy. The STAR Market currently has 340 listed securities. The STAR Market is seen as important for China’s high-tech and emerging industries, providing a space for smaller companies to raise capital in China. This is especially significant for technology companies that may be viewed with suspicion on overseas stock exchanges.
التاريخ from ca